Invented in 1962 by scientist Nick Holonyak, LED stands for light-emitting diode. An LED bulb is a semiconductor device that converts electricity into light energy. When the electrical current passes through, light is made.
LEDs are a type of Solid State Lighting (SSL). The light emitted from the light source is measured in Lumens, the higher the Lumen number, the brighter the bulb.
When you see Watts on a bulb, it’s telling you the energy required to illuminate it - the lower the wattage, the less energy it uses. The color temperature of LEDs is measured in degrees Kelvin, and most bulbs today are sold as Warm White, Cool White, or Daylight. Each has a different look and feel, so it’s up to you to choose!